Anesthesia for permanent transvenous pacemaker insertion
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Anesthesia for Permanent Transvenous Pacemaker Insertion
Summary
Anesthesia for permanent transvenous pacemaker insertion involves administering medication to prevent pain and discomfort while a small electronic device is implanted into your heart to help regulate abnormal heart rhythms. The anesthesia ensures that you remain comfortable and unaware during the procedure.
Purpose
This procedure addresses heart rhythm disorders such as bradycardia (slow heartbeat). The goal is to implant a pacemaker that helps maintain a normal heart rate, thereby improving symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, or fainting spells associated with irregular heartbeats.
Indications
This procedure is indicated for patients experiencing symptomatic bradycardia, heart block, or other rhythm abnormalities that cannot be managed with medication alone. It is appropriate for those who have been evaluated by a cardiologist and determined to need a pacemaker.
Preparation
Patients are generally instructed to fast for at least 6-8 hours prior to the procedure. You may need to adjust or stop certain medications as advised by your healthcare provider. Pre-procedure assessments typically include blood tests, an electrocardiogram (EKG), and sometimes imaging studies to evaluate your heart.
Procedure Description
- You will lie on an operating table, and an intravenous (IV) line will be placed for medication administration.
- You'll receive a sedative or general anesthesia to keep you comfortable and pain-free.
- The area where the pacemaker will be implanted is cleaned and numbed with a local anesthetic.
- The surgeon creates a small incision under your collarbone and threads the pacemaker leads through a vein into your heart.
- The leads are connected to the pacemaker, which is then placed under the skin.
- The small incision is closed and bandaged.
- Throughout the procedure, your heart's rhythm and vital signs are continuously monitored.
Duration
The procedure typically takes between 1 to 2 hours.
Setting
It is usually performed in a hospital operating room or a specialized cardiac catheterization lab.
Personnel
The procedure involves a team of healthcare professionals, including a cardiologist or cardiac surgeon, an anesthesiologist, nurses, and sometimes a radiology technician.
Risks and Complications
Possible risks include infection, bleeding, blood clots, pneumothorax (collapsed lung), or lead displacement. Rarely, there might be a reaction to the anesthesia, or damage to the heart or blood vessels. Most complications can be managed promptly by the medical team.
Benefits
The primary benefit includes the regulation of heart rhythms, preventing symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, or fainting. Most patients notice improvement in their symptoms shortly after the procedure.
Recovery
Post-procedure, you'll be monitored for a few hours or overnight. You can usually return to normal activities within a few days but should avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activities for about a month. Follow-up appointments will be scheduled to ensure the pacemaker is functioning correctly.
Alternatives
Alternatives may include medication management, but they may not be suitable for all patients or as effective as a pacemaker. Another option could be lifestyle changes. Each alternative has its benefits and limitations, which should be discussed with your healthcare provider.
Patient Experience
During the procedure, you won't feel pain due to anesthesia. Post-procedure, you may experience some discomfort or soreness at the incision site. Pain management will be provided, and you'll receive instructions on caring for the incision and activity restrictions to aid healing.