96121 Neurobehavioral status exam (clinical assessment of thinking, reasoning and judgment, [eg, acquired knowledge, attention, language, memory, planning and problem solving, and visual spatial abilities]), by physician or other qualified health care professio

Neurobehavioral Status Exam

Name of the Procedure:

• Common Name(s): Neurobehavioral Status Exam
• Technical Term(s): Clinical assessment of thinking, reasoning, and judgment

Summary

A neurobehavioral status exam is a comprehensive evaluation performed by a healthcare professional to assess a patient's cognitive functions, including acquired knowledge, attention, language, memory, planning, problem-solving, and visual-spatial abilities. This exam helps identify any cognitive impairments or decline.

Purpose

• Medical Condition: Cognitive impairment due to conditions such as dementia, traumatic brain injury, stroke, or psychiatric disorders.
• Goals: To diagnose and document cognitive strengths and weaknesses, guide treatment planning, and monitor changes over time.

Indications

• Symptoms such as memory loss, confusion, difficulty concentrating, language difficulties, or changes in behavior.
• Patients who have experienced brain injuries, strokes, or who are suspected of having neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's disease.

Preparation

• Patients should bring a list of current medications.
• No specific physical preparation like fasting is required.
• Preliminary diagnostic tests such as brain imaging may be recommended.

Procedure Description

1. Interview: The healthcare professional gathers a detailed patient history and reviews any symptoms.
2. Assessments: A series of standardized tests and questionnaires are administered to evaluate different cognitive functions:
   • Attention: Tasks that measure the ability to focus and sustain attention.
   • Memory: Tests involving recall of words, stories, or visual information.
   • Language: Evaluations of naming, comprehension, and verbal fluency.
   • Executive Functioning: Problem-solving tasks and planning exercises.
   • Visual-Spatial Abilities: Tests that assess how well the patient understands visual and spatial relationships.
3. Observation: The examiner observes the patient's behavior and interaction during the assessment.

• Tools: Pen and paper, computerized tests, and structured interview forms.
• Anesthesia/Sedation: Not applicable.

Duration

The procedure typically takes 1-3 hours, depending on the extent of testing required.

Setting

• The exam is usually conducted in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or specialized neuropsychology office.

Personnel

• The exam is administered by a physician, neuropsychologist, or other qualified healthcare professionals with training in neurobehavioral assessment.

Risks and Complications

• Common Risks: Minimal, with no physical risks involved.
• Rare Risks: Psychological distress if the patient becomes anxious or upset during testing.

Benefits

• Expected Benefits: Accurate diagnosis of cognitive impairments, aiding in the design of effective treatment and management plans.
• Timeframe: Results and recommendations are typically available within a few days to a week after the exam.

Recovery

• Post-Procedure Care: Not applicable as no physical recovery is needed.
• Follow-up: Follow-up appointments may be scheduled for discussing results and planning further treatment.

Alternatives

• Other cognitive assessment tools or scales.
• Pros and Cons: While other tools may be quicker or less comprehensive, the neurobehavioral status exam provides a detailed and thorough evaluation.

Patient Experience

• During the Procedure: The patient may feel a range of emotions, from curiosity to frustration, depending on the difficulty of the tasks.
• After the Procedure: Patients may feel tired due to the mental effort but no physical pain. Comfort measures, including breaks during the exam, are typically provided.